Dossier
New fiscal rules for the euro
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https://www.caixabankresearch.com/en/monthly-report/354/february-2012/new-fiscal-rules-euro
Dossier
Challenges facing central banks in the post-pandemic world
Como cada mes, nuestra economista Clàudia Canals explica las claves de la coyuntura económica en el nuevo podcast de CaixaBank Research. A pesar de las medidas tomadas, Europa sigue yendo un paso por detrás de EE. UU. y por supuesto de China, la única gran economía que creció en 2020. En España, los indicadores de actividad correspondientes al 1T muestran que probablemente el PIB se habría contraído, aunque el mercado laboral recuperara en marzo parte del terreno perdido. En este sentido, nuestras previsiones para la economía española (un 6,0% en 2021) se emplazan algo por debajo de las del Gobierno y las del FMI.
Dossier
NGEU European funds: an historic opportunity for quality reform
October is the month in which we present the update of our economic forecast scenario. Broadly speaking, the world economy is moving at a higher cruising speed than had been anticipated at the beginning of the year, and the buoyancy of the Spanish economy leads us to revise our growth forecast for 2025 upwards. In addition, in this issue we analyse how Trump 2.0 policies could favour investment flows into the euro area, as well as the relationship between firm size and productivity gaps in the European Union. We also review the recovery of Europe’s tourism sector following the pandemic, we take stock of the summer season for Spain’s tourism sector and we identify which autonomous communities could be the most affected by the US tariff hikes.
The industry suffered a severe setback in 2020 but the data reveal a rapid recovery, awaiting the impact of European funds and with the automotive industry as a benchmark and driver of technological transformation.
Dossier
The new environment for banking
Dossier
India: the new Asian star?
En este capítulo repasamos el nuevo escenario de previsiones para la economía española y los retos a los que se enfrenta la Unión Europea en el plano económico. Por el camino, hablamos de la situación financiera de los jóvenes y la reducción de la temporalidad en el mercado laboral español. Una de cal y otra de arena.
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The vaccination of the population at risk, the containment of any further outbreaks and the implementation of the Digital Green Certificate will be key factors in tourism improving its performance significantly during the second half of 2021.
Dossier
The ECB QE: causes and effects
Historically, and in general terms, increases (or decreases) in consumption go hand in hand with larger increases (or decreases) in consumer credit. This relationship is particularly close in the case of durable goods, which are the most frequently financed given that they tend to be larger expenses.
Despite the worsening economic situation there is a marked upward trend in the real estate sector with very strong demand and a notable rise in prices. For its part, the supply of new housing is being affected by the war in Ukraine as this has pushed up construction costs even further and aggravated the material supply problems due to bottlenecks in global value chains. Consequently, the misalignment between the demand and supply of housing has intensified, with the result that house prices are likely to continue rising. However, there are several counteracting factors that should help to curb the growth in demand and prices over the medium term, including the impact of inflation on real household income and the ECB’s interest rate hikes.
Taking advantage of the upcoming year end, we have prepared our traditional Dossier analysing the trends and key elements that will determine the behaviour of the economy in 2026. First, we analyse the resilience of the global economy to the tariff storm and the challenges it faces in a future that will continue to be marked by geopolitics, precisely one year after Donald Trump’s victory in the US presidential election. In the second article, we address the European challenge of reducing public debt amid the need to invest in defence, innovation and the green and digital transition. Next, we focus specifically on the outlook for the US economy, which is facing the new year with a mix of strength and vulnerability. Finally, we quantify the forecasts for the Spanish economy, which has shown better-than-expected dynamism in recent quarters in an adverse international context.
El dólar cambia de ritmo: tras depreciarse un 13% frente al euro en el primer semestre, frenó su caída en verano y ha recuperado algo de terreno desde septiembre. En próximos trimestres, las previsiones de crecimiento e inflación apuntan a un dólar algo más débil, aunque persisten factores que podrían sostenerlo: la resiliencia económica de EE. UU., unos tipos reales más altos en EE. UU. (tras moderarse las expectativas de inflación) y una importante recuperación de su papel como activo refugio.
The combination of rapid population growth and the gradual decline in interest rates, coupled with the lack of supply, is driving up home prices, particularly in the new housing market and in the most buoyant regions, as well as in those that are most popular with tourists.
La libra se mueve entre dos aguas en su cruce frente al euro. Por un lado, el debilitamiento de la economía británica pone presión al Banco de Inglaterra para bajar los tipos más rápidamente de lo que se esperaba. Por otro, los planes fiscales del Gobierno supondrán unas necesidades de financiación elevadas, presionando al alza la rentabilidad de la deuda pública y atrayendo flujos de inversión, lo que debería dar cierto soporte a la divisa. Con todo, en el actual entorno de elevada volatilidad geopolítica, nuestra expectativa es que la libra se deprecie paulatinamente hacia final de año frente al euro.
Rural destinations have emerged as the most attractive choice after the outbreak of the pandemic. Rural areas were a great alternative in the summer for those tourists wanting to travel whilst still maintaining a social distance. As a result, the loss of tourism business in the less urban regions of Spain has been much lower than in more traditional coastal destinations and cities. This article has applied big data techniques to analyse the trends in card payments made by both domestic and international tourists according to the characteristics of the destinations they visited. The results confirm the increased resilience of rural tourism destinations in 2020, suggesting a positive outlook for rural tourism in 2021.
The tourism industry is no stranger to inflationary shock. Tourism-related prices are growing strongly and, specifically, the hotel sector is posting price rises well above the historical average. As is often the case, there is no single reason for this inflation in tourism but rather a compendium of changes in both supply and demand that have resulted in tourists having to pay much more than before the pandemic. In this article we look at the factors that lie behind this episode.