Investors ended the week by revising their expectations for future interest rates upwards as Friday’s US employment report for November beat expectations for job creation and a lower unemployment rate. This caused Treasury yields to rise across the board, as it should force the Fed to remain hawkish and potentially delay any interest rate cuts.

Spain's real estate sector has been slowing down throughout 2019 at a brisker rate than expected, given the deterioration in the economic outlook. Nevertheless, the fundamental factors supporting housing demand are still solid and no excesses can be observed on the supply side. With a view to 2020, we expect the sector's trend to remain positive although the growth rate will be more moderate, both for prices and sales.

In yesterday’s session, investors focused their attention to the ECB monetary policy meeting, where interest rates were left unchanged (depo and refi at 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively), and to Q3 GDP figures for the US, which grew at a  solid 4.9% SAAR rate with dynamic rates of growth of private and public consumption and residential investment.

China’s central bank triggered a risk-on mood in financial markets yesterday by introducing the largest stimulus package since the pandemic to support its faltering economy: it reduced reserve requirements for banks, cut a key repo rate, and lowered the mortgage rate for homeowners.

Stronger-than-expected retail sales and industrial production data in the US renewed expectations of a soft-landing for the economy, just as the Fed is expected to lower interest rates today. Rate futures are reflecting a 65% probability of a 50 bp rate cut and a total of -116 bp over the remaining three meetings this year.

The Federal Reserve kicked off its monetary easing cycle with a 50 bp interest rate cut, taking the policy rate to 4.75%-5.00%. The FOMC cited "greater confidence" that inflation is moving sustainably to its 2% target and judged that the risks to its dual mandate are "roughly in balance". The committee sees rates falling another 50bp by year end.

In the first session of the week investors traded cautiously as they wait for new messages coming from central bank officials on the interest rate path ahead. In particular, all eyes are on the ECB Governing Council meeting on Thursday, where the ECB is expected to keep rates unchanged and reiterate the data dependency approach for 1H2024.

The Fed held its benchmark short-term interest rate and said it will continue to buy $80 billion in Treasury securities and $40 billion in mortgage-backed securities each month. Policymakers now see the first rate increase coming in 2023 instead of 2024.

Comments by central bankers centered the stage at the start of the week in a session with no relevant economic data releases. In the euro area Christine Lagarde reiterated that a rate hike in 2022 is "very unlikely" even if the current inflation spike might be higher and longer than initially expected.

Monetary policy decisions remained the key focus for investors on Thursday. The Bank of England and the Swiss National Bank raised rates by 25bp and 50bp to 4.25% and 1.5%, respectively, following the move by the Fed on Wednesday to hike rates by 25bp and to signal that there could be additional increases if financial turmoil recedes.

Demand for riskier assets dominated investors mood on Wednesday, following a widely expected interest rate increase by the Federal Reserve and positive signals from various corporate earnings result in both Europe and the US. Adding to the positive sentiment, orders placed with US factories unexpectedly rose in June.

Risk appetite remained relatively high in the market yesterday as US inflation figures for April came in slightly below expectations at 2.3% YoY, with core inflation holding at 2.8%. Separately, the NFIB survey showed that small business optimism fell moderately in April. Against this backdrop, US Treasury yields were broadly unchanged.

In yesterday's session investors adjusted their interest rate expectations amid monetary policy and fiscal news in the euro area, while corporate profits centered the stage in the US.

Investors closed the week trading with a risk-on mode, recovering some of the losses of previous sessions following the hawkish rhetoric by major central banks, including the 75 bp interest rate hike by the ECB and comments by Fed Chairman Jerome Powell, who reiterated the need to act forthrightly on inflation “until the job is done”.

Yesterday, investors traded in a low volatility environment as the Fed's last meeting minutes reiterated its intention to keep the monetary policy stance unchanged for some time. Nevertheless, as it was anticipated in the dot plot, several members argued that they would favor raising rates earlier than the FOMC’s median view.

Central bank communication continued to center the stage on Wednesday. The release of the minutes of the last Fed meeting showed that almost all FOMC members favored a 25bp rate hike, while just a few would have opted for keeping the 50bp pace. They noted that, despite remaining elevated, inflationary pressures had begun to moderate.