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Markets traded cautiously yesterday, ahead of the Federal Reserve's policy rate decision today. US Treasury yields were almost flat, as markets expect Fed's policy rate to stay at its current level. On the other side of the Atlantic, euro area sovereign yields were flat, as the German Bundestag approved a fiscal package to boost defence spending, as expected.

Lower-than-expected PMIs for July in the euro area (services 51.9 vs. 52.9 expected, and manufacturing 45.6 vs. 46.1 expected) sent the region's sovereign bond yields higher. Equities were mixed, ending mostly lower, while the PSI20 advanced and the Ibex-35 ended flat, boosted by the energy and utilities sectors.

Risk appetite extended across markets during the last session of the week, boosted by signs that inflation in the US may have peaked while consumer spending remained strong at the start of Q2, according to the April’s PCE report.

A quiet session on Wednesday as US markets were closed for the Juneteenth holiday. In the eurozone, government bond yields rose and peripheral spreads widened after the European Commission opened an excessive deficit procedure for France, Italy, Belgium and five other member states under the 2024 European Semester Spring Package.

The week ended with investors in a risk off mode in the financial markets. In the eurozone, PMI data for France and Germany came in below expectations and below last month's levels, while in the US the index rose slightly from May.

Financial markets started the week with a risk-off session, fueled by the escalation in tensions involving Ukraine. The rising geopolitical risk is adding to investors’ concerns about the persistence of inflationary pressures and the prospect of a more aggressive withdrawal of monetary policy stimuli by major central banks.

In yesterday’s session, the ECB announcements centered the stage, with a 50bp hike that pushed interest rates off the negative territory and the unveiling of the Transmission Protection Instrument (TPI).

Investors’ morale improved again on the back of solid economic data reports. June PMI and ISM data in the euro area and in the US reflected that economic growth is gaining momentum and most manufacturing indices remained above the 60 points (EZ at 63.4, US ISM at 60.6, Spain’s at 60.4, +1 pp from the previous month).

The week began with eurozone investors digesting the results of the French parliamentary elections, in which Le Pen's RN did slightly worse than polls had predicted. Eurozone peripheral spreads tightened, although government bond yields rose as Lagarde said in Sintra that the ECB was in no hurry to cut rates further.

Markets traded in risk-off mode during Friday's session, with heightened volatility, as investors reacted to the latest social media announcement by the US President regarding its trade agenda. Trump threatened to impose a 50% tariff on the EU and a 25% levy on Apple if the company refused to relocate its manufacturing to the US.

Investors ended the week focused on the US employment report for June, which signaled the labor market is cooling as job creation slowed and the unemployment rate ticked up from 4.0% to 4.1%. This boosted expectations for two rate cuts this year, which sent Treasury yields lower and stocks higher, with the Nasdaq and S&P 500 hitting new record highs.

Concerns over the US fiscal stance and debt burden—intensified by recent credit rating downgrades and ongoing tax bill negotiations in Washington—weighed on US financial assets. US Treasury yields rose, particularly on the longer end of the curve, while US stocks fell by more than 1.5%. The US dollar weakened, trading around 1.13 against the euro.

Market sentiment improved during yesterday’s session as investors turned their attention away from political instability in the euro area to monetary policy in the US. On his second day in Congress, Fed Chairman Powell said the Fed doesn’t need inflation below 2% before cutting interest rates and signaled the balance sheet run-off still has “ways to go”.

Concerns over the evolution of the pandemic and, especially, the Delta variant worsened investors' sentiment in the last session of June. In addition, IMF chief economist Gita Gopinath said that the access to vaccines is unequal across countries and is causing a "diverging recovery".

On Friday, investors traded cautiously as they continued to assess the economic outlook for the main advanced economies. Stock indices rose modestly in the euro area while, in a volatile session, the S&P 500 closed barely flat. Emerging economies’ indices registered solid advances.

Volatility continued to dominate across financial markets at the start of the week, fueled by mounting concerns about the health of the global economic recovery, after the release of weaker-than-expected monthly economic indicators for April in China on Monday.

Yesterday's announcement of a temporary truce in the trade war between the US and China lifted investors' mood, particularly in US assets. Both countries agreed that for the next 90 days the US will reduce the tariffs it imposed on Chinese imports last month from 145% to 30%, and that Chinese tariffs on US imports will fall from 125% to 10%.

The military operations of Russia in Ukraine centered the stage in yesterday’s session and investors traded on a risk-off mood. Stock indices declined in the euro area, Asia and Latin America, while US equities rose, as they already declined in the previous session. Russian equities fell by almost 50%.

US President Trump announced a 90-day pause on the so-called “reciprocal" tariffs for all targeted countries, but still maintained the 10% general tariff rate and raised the tariff rate for China to 125% after both countries’ authorities escalated the tension. US stocks rallied and the S&P had its largest intraday gain in over 17 years (+9.5%).