Central banks are now accelerating the tightening of financial conditions in an attempt to eliminate demand-side pressures, at least while supply remains subject to all kinds of obstacles.
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After using our consumption indicator to analyse the data on expenditure at petrol stations paid for with CaixaBank customer bank cards, we once again found that not all consumers reacted equally to the rise in fuel prices.
We are entering an area of turbulence, where volatility and uncertainty are on the rise, macroeconomic stability is back in focus and pilot error comes at a high price.
We analyse the purchasing power of the stock of Spanish households’ financial assets in a context of high inflation.
In many developed economies, housing prices have been rising significantly for years – a trend which only accelerated during the pandemic. However, some of those housing markets have begun to experience a correction in the current context of higher interest rates and an erosion of household real disposable income.
The saving capacity of Spanish households reduced significantly in 2022, it has been very rapid because of the inflationary context.
Spain’s foreign sector has produced very good results and shown a remarkable resilience to numerous adverse economic events in the last decade. Will it maintain its competitiveness in the current inflationary context?
Soft landing in times of political uncertainty and a year of improvement.
Despite the growing trend of a reduction in tourism seasonality in Spain, the months of July and August saw extraordinary and record-breaking figures that deserve detailed analysis.
Income inequality is declining in Spain
For developed countries, we have data up until 2022, and in most of them income inequality continues to show a long-term upward trend. For Spain, however, we have data up until October 2024 and the message, fortunately, is quite different.
In the coming years, the paths of interest rates and nominal GDP growth will create an environment in which it will not be so easy to regain fiscal space without a proactive effort by governments.
2025 is set to be a year of change between a world that has not quite died yet (globalisation, multilateralism, liberal democracies) and another that has not quite been born and which nobody knows what shape it will take.
Generally speaking, the world of economic prophets is populated by pessimistic or conservative people. It is preferable for things to go better than expected than for us to be caught off guard.
Economic activity is showing signs of a slowdown and inflation fell below 2% in March for the first time since August 2024.
The savings of Spaniards went from 5,800 euros per household in 2023 to more than 7,000 in 2024. Why has the household savings rate increased and what do we expect for 2025?
We analyse the European manufacturing industry’s import dependency on China and the United States and strategies to reduce it in a more fragmented geopolitical context.
In a context marked by geopolitical tensions, persistent uncertainty and tariff threats, the global economy continues to show remarkable resilience.
The Spanish economy continues to advance at a dynamic pace. For several years now, it has maintained relatively high growth, both from a historical perspective and in comparison with most developed economies.
We analyse how tourists react to episodes of extreme heat in order to anticipate risks and opportunities for the tourism sector in the face of climate change, using anonymised internal data from foreign card payments on CaixaBank POS terminals.