Markets ended the week mixed. Sovereign yields were broadly stable on both sides of the Atlantic, with curves steepening slightly. In the US, short-term yields declined despite hawkish Fed commentary opposing further rate cuts. In the eurozone, October CPI came broadly in line with expectations (although core inflation surprised slightly to the upside). Very long-term yields rose following the French parliament’s rejection of a wealth tax proposal, which also widened the French spread.
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In the first session of the week, investors traded in a lower volatility environment and weighed, on the one hand, the increase in covid-19 cases around the globe and, on the other, the possibility of additional government stimulus.
L’economia espanyola disposa d’un sector manufacturer divers, exportador i de productivitat elevada. No obstant això, el teixit empresarial està encara molt atomitzat si es compara amb la indústria alemanya, un referent a nivell europeu. Augmentar la dimensió empresarial i impulsar la productivitat de les empreses, mitjançant la inversió en R+D i l’adopció de les noves tecnologies digitals, per avançar cap a la Indústria 4.0, són les claus per continuar incrementant la competitivitat d’un sector fonamental per a l’economia i per al sector exterior espanyol. Així mateix, el sector ha d’evolucionar cap a un model industrial més sostenible: només les empreses que escometin la transició energètica amb èxit podran competir en un nou entorn en què la sostenibilitat serà un requisit imprescindible per continuar operant al mercat.
L’arribada de la pandèmia va ser un cop dur per a un sector que ja travessava una situació delicada arran de les tensions comercials i de les disrupcions al sector de l’automòbil a nivell europeu. Així, la caiguda de l’activitat manufacturera en el 2T 2020 va ser més intensa que la del conjunt de l’economia, tot i que la recuperació posterior va ser més vigorosa. Alguns sectors, com el tèxtil, el calçat i les begudes, o fins i tot l’automòbil, es van veure molt impactats i s’estan recuperant més lentament, mentre que altres sectors, com el farmacèutic o el de l’alimentació, amb prou feines van patir el xoc. El relaxament de les restriccions, els avanços en el procés de vacunació i la reducció de la incertesa contribuiran a reactivar el consum i els fluxos de turisme internacional, de vital importància per a la nostra economia, i això, al seu torn, afavorirà l’activitat del sector manufacturer.
El vot del Regne Unit al juny del 2016 a favor de la sortida de la Unió Europea (UE) va obrir un nou escenari per a l’economia britànica que pot tenir conseqüències importants per a l’economia espanyola. En especial per al sector turístic, que rep gairebé 16 milions de turistes britànics a l’any1. En aquest article, analitzem l’impacte que ha tingut el brexit en els fluxos de turistes britànics que visiten Espanya i el seu impacte potencial de cara al futur sota diferents escenaris de sortida de la Unió.
- 1Aquesta xifra representa gairebé el 22% del total de turistes estrangers a Espanya (dades del 2018).
El sector agroalimentari espanyol manté un to expansiu el 2025, afavorit per la millora de les condicions meteorològiques, per la contenció dels costos de producció i per l’augment de la demanda. Tot això es tradueix en un increment gradual de la producció i de les exportacions, que ja han recuperat els nivells prepandèmia, i en un mercat laboral més dinàmic, amb generació d’ocupació i amb reducció de la temporalitat. Les perspectives per als propers trimestres són positives, tot i que persisteixen reptes de gran rellevància, com l’augment dels aranzels amb els EUA o l’impacte creixent de fenòmens climàtics extrems, com les inundacions, les sequeres i els incendis.
Investors are starting the year cautiously as risk appetite seems to have eased over the holidays. As central bank officials tried to push market expectations of imminent rate cuts, although these expectations remain anchored in March for the Fed and April for the ECB, government bond yields rose across the board, particularly in the euro area.
Investor sentiment diverged slightly on both sides of the Atlantic at the start of the week. In the US, the ISM survey showed a manufacturing sector close to recovery while Fed's Bowman gave hawkish signals on future interest rates. This pushed Treasury yields higher while equities fared slightly better, with the Nasdaq up and the S&P500 flat.
Investors started the week with a mixed tone as they digested the positive employment data in the U.S., strong corporate earnings and comments from central bankers in both sides of the Atlantic. For the Fed, Richard Clarida said that if the economic outlook advances as expected, conditions for rising interest rates will be met by year-end 2022.
Investors started the week with no clear direction, with all eyes focusing on the release of the January CPI inflation print in the US today, where the consensus (according to Bloomberg) expects headline inflation to ease to 6.2% y/y (from 6.5% in December). The second release of Q4 GDP in the eurozone is also published today.
In yesterday’s session, politics centered the stage in financial markets, following the resignation of UK Prime Minister Liz Truss due to the loss of confidence in her government. The Conservative Party is expected to present a new leader before the end of October and ahead of the release of the widely expected fiscal plan.
Markets had a choppy session yesterday. News reports that President Trump was considering firing the Fed Chairman sent jitters across markets, pushing Treasury yields higher and the dollar lower. Trump later denied the rumors and Treasuries recovered, while the dollar did not fully erase losses and by the end of the session the euro was close to $1.16.
As widely expected by markets, the Federal Reserve left the fed funds rate unchanged at 4.25%-4.50% range. The Fed rebalanced its scenario towards higher inflation and lower growth, while the median dot plot again signaled two rate reductions by the end of this year, sending US Treasury yields lower, boosting US equities and strengthening the dollar.
Investors' risk appetite rebounded slightly yesterday following Trump's comments late Tuesday on the strength of the US economy. Eurozone government bond yields fell slightly amid the ongoing negotiations to lift the German debt brake. US Treasury yields rose and the curve flattened as trade concerns offset the optimism from the strong February CPI print.
Positive session across markets, fuelled by optimism surrounding the trade agreement reached between the Trump administration and the UK government, which has helped ease tensions and is seen as a potential blueprint for ongoing negotiations with other countries. Additionally, the Bank of England cut interest rates by 25 basis points to 4.25%, citing increased uncertainty in the economic outlook. In contrast, Norges Bank and the Riksbank held rates steady at 4.5% and 2.25%, respectively.
Inflationary pressures and monetary policy actions remained the focus on Wednesday, following higher-than-expected HICP data in Germany (headline inflation rose to 9.3% y/y in February after 9.2% in January), ahead of the release of the data for the eurozone aggregate this morning. The ECB also releases the accounts of the last meeting.
Generalized risk-off sentiment during yesterday's session following news that President Trump would impose tariffs on the automotive sector by the end of the day, which he finally did (25% on all finished auto imports). Stock markets fell sharply on both sides of the Atlantic, dragged lower by industrial stocks. The dollar strengthened to $1.07 against the euro.
In the last session of the week, investors continued to digest the patient approach for the monetary policy ahead expressed by ECB and US Federal Reserve officials. For example, San Francisco Fed President Mary C. Daly said that the Fed could take its time to do things right, signaling that no further rate hikes are in sight for the moment.
In the first session of the week, investors remained concerned about the developments in Ukraine and mounting inflationary pressures in advanced economies. Their expectation for a tighter monetary policy from the ECB and the Federal Reserve pushed interest rates up.
In the last session of the week, the awaited release of the September US employment report changed investors’ expectations of the path of interest ahead. Non-farm payrolls increased by a 336k, notably above expectations, and the two previous months were revised by 119k higher. The unemployment rate remained unchanged at 3.8%.