Real-Time Economics

Index

Real-Time Economics

Looking for a less unequal recovery

Oriol Aspachs
Is the economic recovery reaching all pockets?

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Factors behind the differences on inequality at the regional level

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
The effectiveness and efficiency of the welfare state in reducing inequality

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Employment, the key factor for reducing inequality

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Consumption and pent-up demand: what is the profile of the star consumer in the recovery?

Javier García Arenas Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Alberto Graziano Màxim Ventura Bolet
Which sectors have benefited the most from the pent-up demand?

Javier García Arenas Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
To borrow or not to borrow: a dilemma that depends on what was saved during the pandemic

Javier García Arenas Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Ariadna Vidal Martínez Màxim Ventura Bolet
The recovering trend in consumption
Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
Consumption in Spain: overcoming the worst of the pandemic
Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
Whether to get into debt: a dilemma that hinges on how much was saved during the pandemic
Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
What was Spain’s inflation rate in 2020?
Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
How do we spend throughout the month?
Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Màxim Ventura Bolet
The financial situation of households during the COVID-19 crisis: this time it is different
Judit Montoriol Garriga
The slowdown in rental prices in Spain: what big data reveal
Judit Montoriol Garriga
Electricity prices are sky high, but what about household bills?

Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano
The demand in Spain for technological goods:what the future holds

Clàudia Canals Oriol Carreras Baquer Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
Characteristics of the demand for electronic goods in Spain

Clàudia Canals Oriol Carreras Baquer Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
External publications
Wage dynamics in Spain: what does the CaixaBank Research wage growth tracker tell us?

Josep Mestres Domènech
Wage inequality in Spain returns to the pre-pandemic levels

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Real-Time Economics, a project by CaixaBank Research
Did consumption grow in Spain in Q2 2022? What the real-time data tell us

Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
Where are house prices growing the most in Spain?
Judit Montoriol Garriga
Wage dynamics in Spain: are low and high wages growing at the same pace?

Josep Mestres Domènech
Not all Spanish households spent more on fuel in summer

Josep Mestres Domènech
Real-time economics: the new portal by CaixaBank Research

Judit Montoriol Garriga Josep Mestres Domènech
The evolution of Spanish households’ electricity bills in 2022

Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano
Electricity and gas in 2022: the impact of energy bills on Spanish households

Josep Mestres Domènech
Consumption and saving patterns after retirement

Josep Mestres Domènech Ariadna Vidal Martínez Mar Bisquert Perles José Antonio Sánchez Palomino
The factors that lie behind tourism’s price rises
Javier Ibáñez de Aldecoa Fuster
The rise of rural tourism in Spain: an opportunity for rural development
David Cesar Heymann
We are increasingly shopping online, not only during Black Friday

Josep Mestres Domènech Zoel Martín Vilató
The impact of climate change on tourism in Spain: analysis and outlook
David Cesar Heymann
Spanish household spending on bills in 2023, a respite after a gruelling 2022

Josep Mestres Domènech Zoel Martín Vilató
An exceptional year for the catering sector in Spain

Pedro Álvarez Ondina Alberto Graziano
What big data reveals about consumption in Spain

Josep Mestres Domènech Zoel Martín Vilató
What does big data tell us about foreigners who spend long periods in Spain?
Judit Montoriol Garriga Eduard Alcobé Garcia
Big data and the big challenges of the Spanish economy

Oriol Aspachs
The rise in savings: magnitude, distribution and the importance of demographics

Javier García Arenas Eduard Alcobé Garcia
What factors have contributed to the reduced seasonality of tourist spending in Spain?
David Cesar Heymann Eduard Alcobé Garcia
The catering sector in Spain in 2024: what the data from millions of card payment transactions reveal
Pedro Álvarez Ondina Eduard Alcobé Garcia
Monitoring consumption in over 200 Spanish towns and cities in real time

Josep Mestres Domènech Zoel Martín Vilató
The economic impact of the blackout in detail

Josep Mestres Domènech Zoel Martín Vilató
El impacto en el consumo de los incendios de agosto en el noroeste peninsular
Zoel Martín Vilató Eduard Alcobé Garcia
Donations in Spain: how and to which causes Spaniards donate

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol
The profile of donors in Spain: a charitable majority and a key group of ‘superdonors’

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol
A snapshot of international luxury tourism in Spain
David Cesar Heymann Eduard Alcobé Garcia
Silver tourism in Spain: an opportunity to reduce seasonality and diversify destinations
David Cesar Heymann Alberto Graziano
4 Feb 2026
CaixaBank Research wage indicator: new perspectives by company size and job tenure

Josep Mestres Domènech
Analysing private consumption during the COVID-19 crisis

Oriol Carreras Baquer
To buy or to rent? A question of income but particularly of savings capacity
Judit Montoriol Garriga
Evolución de la desigualdad en tiempo real y efectividad del estado del bienestar para amortiguar el impacto de la crisis
Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano
Tracking inequality in real-time: impact of the actvity rebound

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
The growth of e-commerce during the pandemic: myth or reality?

Javier Ibáñez de Aldecoa Fuster Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
Effects of the crisis and inequality at the provincial level

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
The economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis on inequality: this time is different

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
How the COVID-19 pandemic has affected income distribution

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Which groups are suffering the most as a result of the COVID-19 economic crisis?

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
Inequality tracker

Oriol Aspachs Josep Mestres Domènech Alberto Graziano Jose G. Montalvo Marta Reynal-Querol Ruben Durante
The awakening of e-commerce in the retail sector

Javier Ibáñez de Aldecoa Fuster Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
How will house prices in the Spanish provinces evolve in 2021?
Judit Montoriol Garriga
Big fish and not so big fish in the e-commerce retail sector

Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
The role of pent-up demand in the euro area recovery in 2021

Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Álvaro Leandro
The consumption of each generation in normal times... and in times of pandemic

Josep Mestres Domènech Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
The transition to e-commerce during the pandemic: everyone in equal measure?

Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
From banknotes to bizum: the intergenerational boost of the pandemicto digital payment methods

Josep Mestres Domènech Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
Income and expenditure between generations in times of pandemic

Javier García Arenas Josep Mestres Domènech Eduard Llorens i Jimeno Alberto Graziano
The substitution of cash by cards as a means of payment during the pandemic

Oriol Carreras Baquer Javier Ibáñez de Aldecoa Fuster Eduard Llorens i Jimeno
e-commerce: several year’s progress made in just a few months
Javier Ibáñez de Aldecoa Fuster
How has the slump in foreign tourism affected the residential property market?
Judit Montoriol Garriga

Real-Time Economics

Follow the evolution of the Spanish economy with our real-time indicators and our published articles.

Labour market & demographics

CaixaBank Research wage indicator: new perspectives by company size and job tenure

Josep Mestres Domènech

10 Feb 2026

Tourism

Silver tourism in Spain: an opportunity to reduce seasonality and diversify destinations

David Cesar Heymann

Alberto Graziano

4 Feb 2026

Tourism

A snapshot of international luxury tourism in Spain

David Cesar Heymann

Eduard Alcobé Garcia

4 Feb 2026

Inequality

The profile of donors in Spain: a charitable majority and a key group of ‘superdonors’

Several authors

17 Dec 2025

Inequality

Donations in Spain: how and to which causes Spaniards donate

Several authors

17 Dec 2025

Consumo

El impacto en el consumo de los incendios de agosto en el noroeste peninsular

Zoel Martín Vilató

Eduard Alcobé Garcia

15 Sep 2025

Consumption

The economic impact of the blackout in detail

Josep Mestres Domènech

Zoel Martín Vilató

18 Jun 2025

Consumption

Monitoring consumption in over 200 Spanish towns and cities in real time

Josep Mestres Domènech

Zoel Martín Vilató

22 Apr 2025

Tourism

The catering sector in Spain in 2024: what the data from millions of card payment transactions reveal

Pedro Álvarez Ondina

Eduard Alcobé Garcia

5 Feb 2025

Tourism

What factors have contributed to the reduced seasonality of tourist spending in Spain?

David Cesar Heymann

Eduard Alcobé Garcia

5 Feb 2025

Savings

The rise in savings: magnitude, distribution and the importance of demographics

Javier García Arenas

Eduard Alcobé Garcia

14 Jan 2025

Opinion

Big data and the big challenges of the Spanish economy

Oriol Aspachs

12 Dec 2024

China’s alchemy: how it transforms critical minerals into global power

Business turnover, a structural challenge for Spain’s catering sector

Treasury funding needs in 2026: high but manageable thanks to strong demand

Silver tourism in Spain: an opportunity to reduce seasonality and diversify destinations

CaixaBank Research wage indicator: new perspectives by company size and job tenure

Silver tourism in Spain: an opportunity to reduce seasonality and diversify destinations

A snapshot of international luxury tourism in Spain

The profile of donors in Spain: a charitable majority and a key group of ‘superdonors’

Donations in Spain: how and to which causes Spaniards donate

El impacto en el consumo de los incendios de agosto en el noroeste peninsular

The economic impact of the blackout in detail

Monitoring consumption in over 200 Spanish towns and cities in real time

The catering sector in Spain in 2024: what the data from millions of card payment transactions reveal

What factors have contributed to the reduced seasonality of tourist spending in Spain?

The rise in savings: magnitude, distribution and the importance of demographics

Big data and the big challenges of the Spanish economy